Stepgrowth polymerization process modeling and product. Research article the research on modeling and simulation. Stepgrowth polymerization journal of chemical education. Ppg industries has received a patent for a compound that is comprised of the reaction product of a highly branched polymer having terminal amine functional groups and a lactam, wherein the highly branched polymer is the stepgrowth polymerization reaction product of a polyfunctional first monomer having a first functional group and a polyfunctional second monomer having a second functional. Interfacial polymerization is a type of step growth polymerization in which polymerization occurs at the interface between two immiscible phases generally two liquids, resulting in a polymer that is constrained to the interface. Finally, recent advances regarding the development of software applications for specific polymerization. Special emphasis is given for the kinetic and thermodynamic models, where the most sensitive parameters were estimated using data from an industrial plant. Polymer reaction engineering is an interesting field, with many rich and rewarding problems to be solved. Mann in 1999, published by mcgrawhill, new york, and on stepgrowth polymerization process modeling and product design with kevin seavey in 2008, published. If you want to learn how to simulate step growth polymerization processes using commercial software and seek an indepth, quantitative understanding of how to develop, use, and deploy. Understand quantitative model step growth polymerization plans and how to predict properties of the product polymer with the essential information in step growth polymerization process modeling and product design. In stepgrowth polymerization, the molecular weight of the polymer chain builds up slowly and there is only one reaction mechanism for the formation of polymer.
Polymerization process modeling was started in the 1970s. This part started with understanding the hdpe polymerization process. Research article the research on modeling and simulation of. The other process, called stepgrowth polymerization, involves the buildup of molecular weight not in a chainlike fashion but in a stepwise fashion, by the random combination of monomer molecules containing reactive functional groups. Step polymerisation polymerization materials science. Simulating step growth polymerization processes using custom models or commercial software can facilitate the efficient design of polymers with highly desirable properties. Most natural polymers being employed at early stage of human society are of condensation type. Jan 30, 2012 an introduction to step growth polymerization. Made by faculty at the university of colorado boulder department of chemical and biological engineering.
Several commercial process simulation packages utilizing com. The test value of deg includes all forms of diethylene glycol. Liu, step growth polymerization process modeling and product design. Converting monomer to long chain polymer is the final step in the polymer manufacturing sequence. The application of process models to the design of model based. For example, aminocaproic acid has an amine group at one end and a carboxyl group at the other. Aspen polymers conceptual design and optimization of. The research on modeling and simulation of tfe polymerization process jinggaosun 1,2 andqincao 1,2 key laboratory of advanced control and optimation for chemical processes of ministry of education, shanghai, china school of information science and engineering, east china university of science and technology, shanghai, china. Mann in 1999, published by mcgrawhill, new york, and on step growth polymerization process modeling and product design with kevin seavey in 2008, published. Growth polymerization process modeling and product. Feb 18, 2016 xxiv about the authors baughman in 1991 and 1995, respectively, published by academic press, san diego, california, on industrial water reuse and wastewater minimization with james g. Strategic process modeling facilitates accurate prediction of the properties of the product polymer simulating stepgrowth polymerization processes using custom models or commercial software can facilitate the efficient design of polymers with highly desirable properties. Polymer process optimization application overview with polymer process modeling technology, engineers are empowered to develop new product grades faster, reduce energy costs, and maximize quality and throughput.
Proii process engineering optimizes plant performance by improving process design and operational analysis and performing engineering studies. Strategic process modeling facilitates accurate prediction of the properties. Stepgrowth polymerization article about stepgrowth. Refinery engineering integrated process modeling and optimization. A prototype simulator for applications in polymer manufacturing is presented. There are several variations of interfacial polymerization, which result in several types of polymer topologies, such as ultrathin films, nanocapsules, and.
Step growth polymerization process modeling and product design. The remaining sections of this paper are as follows. Step growth polymerization mit opencourseware free. Then it was necessary to learn about the aspen polymer plus simulation program and determine all input data 4. Steadystate and dynamic modeling for new product design. Two types of monomers can undergo stepgrowth polymerizations.
But one of its shortcomings is the complexity of the equations and consequently long time numerical computations for the executive program, which makes it inappropriate for polymerization process application. Dynamic networks that drive the process of irreversible. Heat integrated process design, simulation and control of. Following a comparison of chaingrowth and stepgrowth polymerization, focuses on the latter process by describing requirements for high molecular weight, stepgrowth polymerization kinetics, synthesis and molecular weight distribution of some linear stepgrowth polymers, and threedimensional network stepgrowth polymers. Free radical polymerization an overview sciencedirect topics. Stepgrowth polymerization american chemical society. There are several variations of interfacial polymerization, which result in several types of polymer topologies. Free radical polymerization an overview sciencedirect. Stepgrowth polymerization process modeling and product design, pp. Modeling and optimizing of producing recycled pet from. Imagination of the step growth polymerization process as the basis of the mc simulation is. In other words, we fix the temperature profile in each unit operation as an input.
Figure 41 molecular mass distributions in step growth polymerization. Properties of polymer materials produced are highly dependent of the chain. Special emphasis is given for the kinetic and thermodynamic models, where the most sensitive parameters were estimated using data. The other process, called step growth polymerization, involves the buildup of molecular weight not in a chainlike fashion but in a stepwise fashion, by the random combination of monomer molecules containing reactive functional groups. Step growth polymerization free online course materials.
The distinct initiation, propagation, and termination steps of chaingrowth polymerization are meaningless in stepgrowth polymerization. The kinetics of the stepgrowth polymerization can be described with florys equal reactivity principle. Xxiv about the authors baughman in 1991 and 1995, respectively, published by academic press, san diego, california, on industrial water reuse and wastewater minimization with james g. Section 2 describes the solidstate pet process in this work.
The number distribution a is shown for three different extents of reaction, the mass distribution b shows a single narrow peak which progressively broadens and shifts to high molecular mass as. This prototype results from the integration of extensive development and application efforts in modeling a wide range of commercial polymerization processes using aspen plus, a wellestablished process flowsheet simulator with a graphical user interface called modelmanager. Refinery engineering integrated process modeling and. Polymerization is usually highly favourable in thermodynamic terms, mainly on energetic grounds because ordering molecules into linked chains is a process where the entropy is decreased. Made by faculty at the university of colorado boulder department of chemical and biological. Following a comparison of chain growth and step growth polymerization, focuses on the latter process by describing requirements for high molecular weight, step growth polymerization kinetics, synthesis and molecular weight distribution of some linear step growth polymers, and threedimensional network step growth polymers. In step growth polymerization, the molecular weight of the polymer chain builds up slowly and there is only one reaction mechanism for the formation of polymer. The formulas are shown as follows, where is the degree of polymerization, is the molar flow rate of the segment, and is 106. The distinct initiation, propagation, and termination steps of chain growth polymerization are meaningless in step growth polymerization. The synthesis of first truly synthetic polymeric material, bakelite, was announced by leo baekeland in 1907, through a typical step growth polymerization fashion of phenol and formaldehyde. You are able to open the device and get the book by online in these days, the sophisticated engineering generally gives the incredible features of how that step growth polymerization. An example is adipic acid that has two functional groups.
Interfacial polymerization is a type of stepgrowth polymerization in which polymerization occurs at the interface between two immiscible phases generally two liquids, resulting in a polymer that is constrained to the interface. If you want to learn how to simulate stepgrowth polymerization processes using commercial software and seek an indepth, quantitative understanding of how to develop, use, and. Free radical polymerizations are chain reactions in which the addition of a monomer molecule to an active chainend regenerates the active site at the chainend. Polymerization process modeling was started in the 1970s by academic and industrial researchers, and now it is widely used in the polymer industry for a broad range of applications such as process design, product development, process control, and optimization. Steadystate and dynamic modeling for new product design for. Understand quantitative model stepgrowth polymerization plans and how to predict properties of the product polymer with the essential information in stepgrowth polymerization process modeling and product design. Monte carlo method was applied to predict the chain length distribution in the step growth polymerization product under isothermal condition. Two types of monomers can undergo step growth polymerizations. You are able to open the device and get the book by online in these days, the sophisticated engineering generally gives the incredible features of how that step growth polymerization process modeling and product design pdf full ebook.
Step growth polymerization, process modeling and product. Comparison of common polymerization methods stepgrowth chaingrowth anionic growth method cons. The evolution of the degree distribution is governed by the reaction kinetics of the stepgrowth polymerization. Stiile colorado state university, fort collins, co 80523 as illustrated in the articles on chain polymerization, a chaingrowth polymerization is one in which each polymer chain, after being started by a free radical initiator, a cationic catalyst or an anionic catalyst, grows rapidly, producing a high molecular weight polymer. Both are polyfunctional, but one type possess only one kind of functionality. Dynamic networks that drive the process of irreversible step. Strategic process modeling facilitates accurate prediction of the properties of the product polymer simulating step growth polymerization processes using custom models or commercial software can facilitate the efficient design of polymers with highly desirable properties. Step growth polymerization process modeling and product design, pp. Abstract a mathematical model for the free radical polymerization of styrene is developed to predict the steadystate and dynamic behavior of a continuous process.
Other articles where step growth polymerization is discussed. Stiile colorado state university, fort collins, co 80523 as illustrated in the articles on chain polymerization, a chaingrowth polymerization is one in which each polymer chain, after being started by a free radical initiator, a cationic catalyst or an anionic catalyst, grows rapidly, producing a high. This process converts an arbitrary pair of a and bgroups into a bond, which is. Polymerization process modeling was started in the 1970s by academic and industrial. Important considerations in polymerization reactor design include heat removal, kinetics, and process dynamics, as well as polymer properties and product quality. Modeling and simulation of olefin polymerization at. It is possible to establish the relationship between the quality indexes in our model and the product characteristics in actual production. Many naturally occurring and some synthetic polymers are produced by stepgrowth polymerization, e. The two most important stepgrowth polymerizations are condensation and addition polymerization. Review the full course description and key learning outcomes and create an account and enrol if you want a free statement of participation. Modeling of polymerization reactors by coupling of cfd and. This assumption greatly simplifies the otherwise very complicated kinetics of a.
Aspen polymers conceptual design and optimization of polymerization processes aspen polymers is the marketleading technology for accurate and reliable design and optimization of polymer processes, accelerating new product innovation and enabling increased operational efficiencies. Free radical polymerization is the most economical process for use with vinyl. Flory assumed that all steps, that is, the formation of dimers, trimers and so forth, have equal rate constants. Step growth polymerization is an important process for producing polymer materials, such as epoxy, silicone, nylon, kevlar, polycarbonates, polyurea, polyanhidride, polyester, polyamides, polyurethanes, etc. Chapter two, stepgrowth polymerization, version of 1505 76 2. A new and simple method is described to estimate the initial properties of a condensation prepolymer for the modeling of an ssp process using bapc synthesis as a model polymerization system. The two most important step growth polymerizations are condensation and addition polymerization.
Chapter two, step growth polymerization, version of 1505 76 2. Process simulation in polymer manufacturing sciencedirect. Other articles where stepgrowth polymerization is discussed. If you want to learn how to simulate step growth polymerization processes using commercial software and seek an indepth.
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